FTCE Exceptional Student Education (ESE) K-12 Practice Test

What does the term "Autism Spectrum Disorders" encompass?

1. A range of social communication difficulties

2. Only conditions that involve severe intellectual disability

3. Physical disabilities affecting movement

4. Conditions resulting from environmental factors

The correct answer is: A range of social communication difficulties

The term "Autism Spectrum Disorders" encompasses a range of social communication difficulties that individuals experience. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are characterized by challenges in social interaction, communication, and restricted or repetitive behaviors. This definition acknowledges the diversity within the spectrum, recognizing that individuals can present with varying degrees of support needs and symptomatology. The focus on social communication difficulties highlights the core deficits associated with ASD, which can include challenges in understanding social cues, difficulties in forming relationships, and issues with verbal and non-verbal communication. This broad and inclusive perspective allows for a better understanding of how these disorders manifest differently in each individual. The other options do not accurately represent the scope of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Conditions involving severe intellectual disability are a subset of disabilities but do not define ASD, as many individuals with autism have average or above-average intelligence. Physical disabilities affecting movement are unrelated to ASD, as they fall into different categories of disorders. Environmental factors might influence the development of some conditions, but they do not encompass the range of difficulties associated with autism itself.